RESUMO
Resumen El género Rickettsia está compuesto por dos grupos definidos antigenicamente: el grupo tifus, que incluye a Rickettsiaprowazekii, causante del tifus epidémico o exantemático, y a R. typhi, causante del tifus murino o endémico; el otro grupo es el de las fiebres manchadas. El género Rickettsia está constituido por diferentes especies de bacterias gramnegativas; a su vez, forma parte de la familia Rickettsiaceae (junto a Coxiella, Ehrlichia y Bartonella). Todas las especies del género tienen en común ser parásitos intracelulares estrictos con tamaño promedio de 0.3 a 0.5 pm, además de que requieren ciertos vectores que permitan su trasmisión y es difícil cultivarlas en el laboratorio. Este artículo revisa las variedades de manifestación del tifus y su situación en México.
Abstract The genus Rickettsia is composed of two groups antigenically defined, typhus group including Rickettsia prowazekii, which causes epidemic typhus and R. typhi, which causes murine or endemic typhus. The other group is one of spotted fever. The genus Rickettsia is made up of different species of gramnegative bacteria, in turn it is part of the family Rickettsiaceae (with Coxiella, Ehrlichia, and Bartonella). All species of the genus have in common being strict intracellular parasites with an average size of 0.3 to 0.5 pm, require certain vectors that allow trasmission, and have great difficulty be grown in the laboratory. Below there is a review of the varieties of presentation of typhus and its situation in Mexico.
RESUMO
INTRODUCTION: The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a new pediculicide in the eradication of Pediculus humanus capitis infestation. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A randomised clinical trial was designed, in which children aged between 5 and 15 years diagnosed with pediculosis were selected. Treatment was administered on days 1 and 7 after selection, and they were evaluated in 4 visits (day 2, 7, 9, and 14). The product under evaluation with saponified olive oil was Inex Pediculicide Soap®, which was compared with Paranix®, with a similar mechanism of action. The primary efficacy endpoint was the eradication of the parasite by day 14 (louse-free rate), using an intention to treat analysis. RESULTS: Six paediatricians from 5 Primary Health Care centres in the Community of Madrid (Spain) and one private clinic participated in the study. A total of 45 children were included, of which 75.6% were girls (n=34). The mean age was 7.1 years (95% CI 6.3-7.9). The large majority (80%) were middle class, and 82.2% had a history of previous pediculosis. The efficacy at 14 days was 76.2% (95% CI 52.8-91.8) in the group treated with Inex Pediculicide Soap® group, and 79.2% (95% CI 57.9-92.9) in Paranix® group (NNT=33.3). No adverse effects were observed with treatment. CONCLUSIONS: The 2 products were effective and safe in the eradication therapy Pediculus humanus capitis, with no statistical differences.
Assuntos
Inseticidas/administração & dosagem , Infestações por Piolhos/tratamento farmacológico , Azeite de Oliva/química , Dermatoses do Couro Cabeludo/tratamento farmacológico , Adolescente , Animais , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Inseticidas/efeitos adversos , Infestações por Piolhos/parasitologia , Masculino , Pediculus/efeitos dos fármacos , Dermatoses do Couro Cabeludo/parasitologia , Espanha , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
A new species of the genus Brueelia Kéler is described as parasitic on the Common Diuca-Finch, Diuca diuca diuca, based on specimens from three localities in Chile: Punitaqui (Coquimbo Province), La Rinconada (Colchagua Province) and Chillán (Ñuble Province). The species is fully described and illustrated, and brief comments on its morphological affinities with allied species are also made.
Se describe una nueva especie del genero Brueelia Kéler parasitando a la diuca, Diuca diuca diuca, basado en especimenes de tres localidades de Chile: Punitaqui (Coquimbo Province), La Rinconada (Colchagua Province) y Chillán (Ñuble Province). La especie es descrita e ilustrada comentando sus semejanzas morfológicas con especies afines.
Assuntos
Animais , Tentilhões/parasitologia , Ftirápteros/classificação , Chile , Ftirápteros/anatomia & histologiaRESUMO
The new species Aquanirmus major Cicchino & González Acuña found on the Great Grebe, Podiceps major, from different localities of Argentina and Chile, is described and illustrated, giving comments on its affinities and differences with the remaining three species included in the Aquanirmus emersoni-species complex.
Se describe e ilustra la nueva especie Aquanirmus major Cicchino & González Acuña hospedada en ejemplares de Podiceps major provenientes de distintas localidades de Argentina y Chile, entregando afinidades y diferencias con las restantes tres especies incluidas en el complejo A. emersoni.
Assuntos
Animais , Feminino , Masculino , Aves/parasitologia , Ftirápteros/classificação , Ftirápteros/fisiologia , Argentina , Chile , Ftirápteros/anatomia & histologiaRESUMO
Two new species of the genus Brueelia Kéler, 1936 are described of two species in the genus Phrygilus Cabanis, 1844 from Punitaqui, Coquimbo, IV Región, Chile: Phrygilus gayi (Gervais, 1834) and P. fruticeti (Kittlitz, 1833). Descriptions were made in a comparative form, adding comments on their relatives, as well as an account of all Brueelia species known to infest South American Emberizine finches.
Dos nuevas especies del género Brueelia Kéler, 1936 son descritas en dos especies de aves del género Phrygilus Cabanis, 1844 desde Punitaqui, Coquimbo, IV Región, Chile: Phrygilus gayi (Gervais, 1834) y P. fruticeti (Kittlitz, 1833). Las descripciones son hechas en forma comparativa agregando comentarios sobre sus especies afines, así como consideraciones de las especies conocidas de Brueelia que infestan fringílidos sudamericanos.
